Cabozantinib usually requires long-term use, and the specific duration of medication depends on the type of indication, treatment efficacy, and individual tolerance. In most cases, it needs to be continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs.

1. Basic principles of long-term medication

(1) Continuous treatment: Except for the combination therapy with nivolumab for renal cell carcinoma, which is limited to 24 months, there is no fixed course of treatment for other indications.

(2) Dynamic evaluation: Regular monitoring of efficacy and safety through imaging and laboratory examinations is required.

2. Characteristics of medication for different indications

(1) Thyroid cancer: Take 60mg or 40mg daily (for children) continuously, with a median treatment time of approximately 13-16 months.

(2) Renal cell carcinoma: monotherapy at 60mg per day, combination therapy at 40mg per day plus nivolumab, with the latter lasting up to 2 years.

(3) Hepatocellular carcinoma: 60mg daily continuous medication, with a median duration of approximately 5.6 months according to clinical studies.

3. Factors affecting long-term medication use

(1) Disease control: Patients with stable or shrinking tumors can receive long-term maintenance treatment.

(2) Adverse reactions: About 16-27% of patients need to interrupt or terminate treatment due to side effects.

(3) Organ function: Patients with liver and kidney dysfunction need to adjust the dosage and shorten the treatment course.