The side effects of Gilteritinib include blood system abnormalities, cardiac toxicity, and special organ damage, and its relief methods include monitoring interventions, dose adjustments, and preventive measures.

1. Serious side effects requiring immediate medical attention

(1) Cardiotoxicity: Prolonged QT interval (manifested as syncope and palpitations), requiring regular electrocardiogram monitoring and correction of electrolyte imbalances.

(2) Pancreatitis: severe upper abdominal pain accompanied by vomiting, immediate discontinuation of medication and testing of serum amylase.

(3) Allergic reactions: facial swelling, difficulty breathing, requiring permanent discontinuation of medication and treatment with adrenaline.

2. Common side effects that may self alleviate

(1) Hematological system: Anemia and thrombocytopenia can be improved through transfusion support.

(2) Digestive system: Diarrhea, nausea. It is recommended to eat in portions and replenish electrolytes.

(3) Skeletal muscles: Joint pain, muscle pain, moderate activity and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can alleviate.

3. Side effects of special organ injury

(1) Hepatotoxicity: Elevated transaminase levels require monitoring of liver function every 2 weeks until stable.

(2) Lung injury: Interstitial pneumonia (dry cough, shortness of breath), requiring permanent discontinuation of medication and hormone therapy.

4. Prevention and mitigation measures for side effects

(1) Blood monitoring: During the initial stage of treatment, complete blood cell count is checked weekly to prevent the risk of infection.

(2) Heart protection: Avoid using other QT prolonging drugs in combination and maintain blood potassium levels above 4mEq/L.

(3) Skin protection: Use SPF30+sunscreen to avoid direct sunlight and prevent photosensitive reactions.

5. Precautions for special populations

(1) Patients of childbearing age: During treatment and 6 months after discontinuation of medication, efficient contraceptive measures should be taken.

(2) Liver damage patients: Child Pugh C grade need to reduce dosage by 50% and closely monitor.