Dalfampridine sustained-release tablets are mainly used to improve the walking ability of patients with multiple sclerosis. Its side effects involve various aspects such as the nervous system and digestive system. Most symptoms are mild and can be relieved on their own, but serious adverse reactions should be noted. The following provides a detailed explanation from three dimensions: common side effects, severe reactions, and treatment measures.

1. Common side effects and mitigation methods

(1) Nervous system: Dizziness (incidence about 12%), headache (8% -10%), insomnia, etc., usually adapted within 2-4 weeks. It is recommended to avoid driving or working at heights after taking medication, and to slow down when waking up.

(2) Digestive system: nausea (6% -7%), constipation or diarrhea (about 5%). It is recommended to take with meals, drink small amounts of water multiple times, and if necessary, use probiotics to regulate gut microbiota.

2 serious reactions requiring medical intervention

(1) Seizures: dose-dependent, with a significant increase in risk when blood drug concentration>100ng/ml. During medication, it is advisable to avoid the concurrent use of other medications that lower the threshold for epilepsy.

(2) Allergic reaction: manifested as rash, facial swelling, or difficulty breathing, requiring immediate discontinuation of medication and emergency treatment. People with a history of allergy to sulfonamide drugs are more likely to develop it.

3 Precautions for Special Groups

(1) For patients with renal insufficiency: When the drug is excreted through the kidneys and the creatinine clearance rate is less than 50ml/min, it should be reduced by 50%, and renal function should be monitored monthly.

(2) Elderly patients are more prone to balance disorders and the risk of falls. It is recommended to add anti slip measures in the home environment and avoid solitary activities at night.

4 Daily management suggestions

(1) Medication record: Establish a symptom diary, record the time, frequency, and triggering factors of side effects, and provide reference for doctors to adjust their plans during follow-up visits.

(2) Follow up requirements: Liver function, kidney function, and blood drug concentration tests should be conducted within one month of initial medication use, and regular follow-up checks should be conducted every three months thereafter.