Common side effects of estradiol transdermal patches (Estramon) include local skin reactions and systemic hormonal effects, and serious adverse reactions require vigilance against thrombotic events and tumor risks. The following categories describe the characteristics and treatment measures of adverse reactions.

1 Common adverse reactions

(1) Skin reactions: itching (20-35%) and erythema (15-25%) at the application site, usually mild and tolerable.

(2) Systemic effects: breast tenderness (10-20%), headache (5-15%), nausea (3-8%), mostly occurring in the early stages of treatment.

2 Serious Adverse Reactions to Be Cautious of

(1) Thromboembolism: The risk of deep vein thrombosis increases by 2-4 times, especially for obese or smokers who need to monitor lower limb symptoms.

(2) Tumor risk: long-term use may increase the incidence of breast cancer and endometrial cancer, and regular breast examination is required.

3 Precautions for Special Groups

(1) Cardiovascular disease patients: may worsen hypertension and require weekly monitoring of blood pressure changes.

(2) Individuals with abnormal liver function: may cause bile stasis, and medication should be stopped immediately if jaundice occurs.

4 laboratory indicators are abnormal

(1) Coagulation function: Fibrinogen may increase by 15-30%.

(2) Blood lipid metabolism: HDL can increase by 10-20% and LDL can decrease by 5-15%.

5 Principles for Handling Adverse Reactions

(1) Mild reaction: Continue to use and observe, apply hydrocortisone locally to alleviate skin symptoms.

(2) Serious reactions: Chest pain, visual impairment, etc. require immediate medical attention and permanent discontinuation of medication.