The side effects of Vascepa (Icosapentaethyl) mainly include cardiovascular system, digestive system, and bleeding related adverse reactions. Most symptoms can be relieved through dosage adjustment or symptomatic treatment. Serious adverse reactions require timely medical attention and consideration of discontinuation.

1. Common side effects and mitigation methods

(1) Cardiovascular system response

The incidence of atrial fibrillation/flutter is about 3.1%, manifested as palpitations or arrhythmia. Mild symptoms can be alleviated by reducing caffeine intake, while moderate to severe symptoms require electrocardiogram monitoring. If necessary, medication should be suspended and a cardiologist consulted.

(2) Joint pain and edema

The incidence of joint pain is 4.9%, and peripheral edema is 2.9%. Moderate exercise combined with hot compress is recommended for relief. In severe cases, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be used for a short period of time, but attention should be paid to potential interactions with Vascepa.

2. Adverse reactions to the digestive system

(1) Gastrointestinal discomfort

Symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea may occur. It is recommended to take with meals to reduce irritation, eat small and multiple meals, and maintain water intake. Persistent symptoms can be temporarily reduced to 2 grams once a day.

(2) Abnormal liver function

Rare elevation of transaminase. Liver function should be monitored before and during medication, and medication should be stopped immediately if fatigue or jaundice occurs. Avoid co administration with hepatotoxic drugs and intervene with liver protective drugs if necessary.

3. Bleeding Risk and Management

(1) Bleeding tendency

The incidence of bleeding related adverse reactions was 2.9%. When used in combination with anticoagulants, INR values should be closely monitored. Mild bleeding can be locally compressed to stop bleeding, while severe bleeding requires emergency infusion of platelets or clotting factors.

(2) Preventive measures

Medication should be suspended 7 days before surgery. Avoid severe collisions in daily life and use a soft bristled toothbrush. When abnormal bruising, nosebleeds, or hematuria occur, seek medical attention promptly to assess coagulation function.

4 Other precautions

(1) Allergic reactions

Rare rash or vascular edema. Mild allergies can be treated with oral antihistamines, while severe rapid allergies require adrenaline rescue. Patients with a history of fish oil allergy should use with caution.

(2) Laboratory monitoring

Suggest baseline and regular testing of blood lipids, liver function, and bleeding time. Diabetes patients need to strengthen blood glucose monitoring, because it may slightly affect insulin sensitivity.