Xenleta, as a new type of Truncated Pleurotus ostreatus antibiotic, commonly has side effects involving digestive system, cardiovascular, and skin reactions, which need to be alleviated through dosage adjustment, symptomatic treatment, and preventive measures. Special populations need to be closely monitored, and serious adverse reactions require immediate discontinuation of medication and medical attention.

1. Digestive system side effects and relief

(1) Diarrhea

About 10% -15% of patients experience diarrhea. It is recommended to increase water intake and supplement electrolytes during medication. Severe diarrhea requires consideration of suspending medication and administering antidiarrheal drugs such as loperamide.

(2) Nausea and vomiting

The incidence rate is about 8% -12%, and it is recommended to take it with meals in divided doses. Continuous vomiting requires assessment of dehydration risk and the use of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists if necessary.

2. Cardiovascular system side effects

(1) QT interval prolongation

Before medication, it is necessary to check the electrocardiogram to avoid using other QT prolonging drugs in combination. Individuals with abnormal blood potassium and magnesium levels should correct electrolyte imbalances before administering medication.

(2) Hypotension

Blood pressure should be monitored during intravenous administration, and the infusion rate should not exceed 250ml/h. Symptomatic hypotension should be temporarily discontinued and the medication should be expanded.

3. Skin reaction treatment

(1) Photosensitive reaction

During treatment, it is necessary to use SPF30+sunscreen and avoid direct sunlight. If a rash appears, topical corticosteroids can be used, and in severe cases, medication should be discontinued.

(2) Injection site reaction

Pain/redness may occur after intravenous administration, it is recommended to change the injection site. Cold compress can alleviate symptoms and avoid local irritation.

4. Precautions for special populations

(1) Liver dysfunction

Child Pugh C patients need to reduce their dosage by 50%. During the treatment period, ALT/AST should be monitored monthly, and if it increases by more than three times, medication should be discontinued.

(2) Pregnancy and lactation

Pregnant women are only allowed to use it in life-threatening situations, and feeding should be suspended during lactation. Women of childbearing age need to use contraception from the time of medication until 2 days after discontinuation.

5. Response to serious adverse reactions

(1) Allergic reactions

If urticaria/dyspnea occurs, the medication should be stopped immediately and adrenaline and antihistamines should be given. Individuals with a history of allergies are prohibited from using it.

(2) Clostridium difficile infection

Long term use may cause pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea with fever, and require toxin testing. Vancomycin should be given after diagnosis.