The usage and dosage of Febuxostat, as well as the medication for special populations, need to be adjusted according to the individual patient's situation, including routine dosage, administration method, and medication precautions under special physiological conditions. The following provides detailed explanations from three aspects: standard usage, dosage adjustment, and special populations, to ensure the accuracy and safety of clinical medication.

1. Standard usage and dosage

(1) Initial dose: It is recommended to take 40mg orally once a day. After 2 weeks, if the blood uric acid level does not meet the standard (<6mg/dL), it can be increased to 80mg/day.

(2) Medication time: Take at the same time every day, before or after meals. Swallow the whole tablet and avoid splitting it apart.

(3) Course management: Medication should be continued until uric acid meets the standard, and it is not recommended to interrupt treatment during acute gout attacks.

2. Principle of dose adjustment

(1) Liver dysfunction: For Child Pugh B patients, the dosage should be reduced to 20mg/day, while for C patients, it is contraindicated; Monitor ALT/AST monthly during treatment.

(2) Renal insufficiency: Mild to moderate impairment (eGFR ≥ 30mL/min) does not require adjustment, and individualized medication should be administered after assessing the risk of end-stage renal disease.

(3) Elderly: Patients aged 65 and above do not require routine adjustments, but need to strengthen monitoring of adverse reactions.

3. Medication for special populations

(1) Pregnancy period: Animal studies have shown embryotoxicity, and it is contraindicated during pregnancy. Women of childbearing age should take effective contraceptive measures during medication.

(2) Breastfeeding period: It is unknown whether the medication is secreted into the breast milk. It is recommended to suspend breastfeeding during the treatment period.

(3) Children: Safety and efficacy have not been established for patients under 18 years old, and its use is not recommended.

(4) Cardiovascular disease: Patients with ischemic heart disease should use caution and monitor chest pain symptoms and electrocardiogram changes.