During the treatment of lorlatinib, special attention should be paid to side effects such as edema, peripheral neuropathy, and cognitive impairment. Effective control can be achieved through graded management, dosage adjustment, and targeted intervention. The following specific symptom identification and treatment strategies need to be adjusted in a timely manner based on clinical monitoring.

1. Edema management

Loratinib may cause peripheral or systemic edema, usually associated with changes in vascular permeability or cardiovascular effects. Mild edema can be relieved by adjusting body position, while moderate to severe cases require medical intervention.

(1) Symptom grading

Grade 1 is local asymptomatic edema; Level 2 impact on daily activities; Grade 3 with functional impairment; Level 4 life-threatening. Record the location, degree, and accompanying symptoms of edema.

(2) Handling measures

Medication should be temporarily suspended for levels 2 and above until recovery is ≤ level 1, and then reduced for recovery. Intractable edema requires evaluation of cardiovascular and renal function, and if necessary, diuretics should be used in combination or permanently discontinued.

2. Peripheral neuropathy

Manifested as numbness, stabbing pain, or abnormal sensation in the limbs, which may be related to drug neurotoxicity. Symptoms are often dose-dependent and require early identification and intervention.

(1) Monitoring points

Regularly assess neurological symptoms, including tactile, vibrational, and tendon reflexes. Patients with diabetes or chemotherapy history are at higher risk, and monitoring should be strengthened.

(2) Intervention strategy

Level 2 symptoms require suspension of medication and reduction after recovery; Consider permanent discontinuation of medication at levels 3-4. Symptomatic treatment can be achieved by combining vitamin B or analgesic drugs.

3 Cognitive Impairment

Including memory loss, decreased attention, etc., with a median occurrence time of 1.4 months. Most cases are reversible, but one should be cautious of serious mental symptoms such as suicidal tendencies.

(1) Risk assessment

Baseline screening of cognitive function and regular follow-up during treatment. Elderly or patients with a history of neurological disorders need to shorten the evaluation interval.

(2) Graded processing

Level 1 observable; Level 2 pause until reduced after recovery; Level 3-4 permanent discontinuation of medication. Avoid using other neurotoxic drugs in combination and refer to a psychiatric department if necessary.