Tamiflu, as a neuraminidase inhibitor, has contraindications related to specific populations, dietary interactions, and clinical conditions. The following is an explanation from three aspects: taboo groups, taboo foods, and restrictive conditions. Special attention should be paid to medication adjustments for high-risk groups such as pregnancy and renal insufficiency.

1. Taboo population

(1) Allergen: It is contraindicated for those who are allergic to oseltamivir or its formulation ingredients.

(2) Newborns: The safety of infants under 1 year old has not been established, and premature infants need to be cautious.

(3) Pregnancy: Animal studies have shown a high risk of teratogenicity at high doses, and pregnant women should only consider using it when they have a confirmed influenza infection.

(4) Breastfeeding period: Medication can be secreted into breast milk, it is recommended to suspend breastfeeding during treatment.

2. Forbidden foods

(1) Alcohol: may exacerbate central nervous system side effects such as dizziness.

(2) High fat diet: Delaying capsule absorption, it is recommended to take on an empty stomach or with a light diet.

3. Restrictive conditions

(1) Renal insufficiency: creatinine clearance rate<30mL/min needs to be reduced to 75mg/day.

(2) History of mental illness: may induce abnormal behavior, requiring close monitoring of neurological and psychiatric symptoms.

(3) Chronic disease patients: Patients with heart disease and respiratory system diseases have an increased risk of adverse reactions.

(4) Immunodeficiency population: HIV infected individuals and others may develop viral resistance.

4. Medication precautions

(1) Timing of administration

Starting treatment within 48 hours after the onset of flu symptoms can maximize efficacy, and medication may still benefit beyond 48 hours, especially in severe and high-risk populations.

(2) Adverse reactions

Common nausea and vomiting, it is recommended to take it with food to alleviate gastrointestinal reactions. Be alert to rare neurological symptoms such as delirium and hallucinations.

(3) Drug interactions

The combination with probenecid may increase the blood concentration of oseltamivir and caution should be exercised; The flu vaccine does not affect its preventive effect, but it needs to be administered intermittently.