Azithromycin tablets, as a broad-spectrum antibiotic, belong to the class of macrolide antibiotics. It mainly achieves antibacterial purposes by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial proteins.

1、 Drug name

Azithromycin (English name: Azithromycin, trade name: ZITHOMAX).

2、 Indications

Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that is suitable for mild to moderate infections caused by sensitive bacteria

1. Adults: Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, acute bacterial sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia (suitable for oral treatment), pharyngitis/tonsillitis (as second-line treatment), simple skin and skin structure infections, non gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis, gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis, male genital ulcer disease (chancre).

2. Children (≥ 6 months): Acute otitis media, community-acquired pneumonia (≥ 6 months), pharyngitis/tonsillitis (≥ 2 years).

3. Restricted use: Should not be used for pneumonia patients who are not suitable for oral treatment due to moderate to severe diseases or risk factors (such as cystic fibrosis, hospital acquired infections, bacteremia, hospitalization, elderly or weak, immune dysfunction, etc.).

3、 Specifications and characteristics

Tablets: 250mg pink film coated tablets, engraved with "PFIZER" and "306" or "ZTM250" and "ZTM500" logos.

4、 Main components

Active ingredient: Azithromycin Dihydrate.

5、 Usage and dosage

1. All dosage forms can be taken with meals or on an empty stomach.

2. Adult dose:

Community acquired pneumonia (mild): 500mg per dose on the first day and 250mg per day from the second to the fifth day.

Pharyngitis/tonsillitis (second-line treatment): 500mg daily, taken continuously for 3 days; Or 500mg on the first day and 250mg daily from the second to the fifth day.

Simple skin infection: same community acquired pneumonia protocol.

Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (mild to moderate): 500mg on the first day, 250mg daily from the second to the fifth day; or 500mg daily for 3 consecutive days.

Acute bacterial sinusitis: Take 500mg daily for 3 consecutive days.

For other detailed symptoms, usage, and dosage, please consult a doctor. The above is for reference only.

6、 Dose adjustment

Patients with renal insufficiency do not need to adjust the dosage; Caution is required for severe renal insufficiency (GFR<10mL/min). Insufficient data for patients with liver dysfunction, use with caution.

7、 Medication precautions

1. Before and after meals: can be taken with food or on an empty stomach.

2. Missed dose: It should be taken as soon as possible. If it is close to the next dose, skip it and do not double the dosage.

3. Vomiting:

The safety of children vomiting within 30 minutes after a single dose of 30mg/kg has not been determined (in clinical studies, 8 patients vomited within 30 minutes and were repeatedly administered).

If vomiting occurs after taking medication, it is recommended to consult a doctor to see if additional medication is needed.

4. Other precautions:

It should not be taken together with antacids containing aluminum/magnesium.

Full course treatment must be completed, and even if symptoms improve, medication should not be stopped in advance to reduce the risk of drug resistance.

If there is a serious allergic reaction (such as difficulty breathing, rash, laryngeal edema, etc.) or diarrhea (especially watery stool, bloody stool, accompanied by fever or abdominal pain), the medication should be stopped immediately and medical attention should be sought.

8、 Medication for special populations

1. Pregnant women: Existing data does not show an increased risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse outcomes for both mother and baby, but the pros and cons need to be weighed.

2. Breastfeeding period: Azithromycin can enter breast milk and may cause diarrhea, vomiting, or rash in infants. It is recommended to monitor infant reactions.

3. Children:

The safety and efficacy of treating acute otitis media, sinusitis, and community-acquired pneumonia in infants under 6 months of age have not been established.

Children under 2 years old: The safety and efficacy of treating pharyngitis/tonsillitis have not been established.

Older adults: may be more prone to developing tip twisting ventricular tachycardia and should be cautious.

Newborns (≤ 42 days): There have been reports of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in infants. If vomiting or irritability occurs after feeding, a doctor should be contacted.

9、 Adverse reactions

1. Common adverse reactions: diarrhea (5-14%), nausea (3-18%), abdominal pain (3-7%), vomiting (2-7%).

2. Serious adverse reactions:

Allergic reactions (including angioedema, anaphylactic shock, severe skin reactions such as Stevens Johnson syndrome, etc.).

Hepatotoxicity (hepatitis, jaundice, liver failure).

QT interval prolongation, apical torsion type ventricular tachycardia, and cardiovascular mortality risk (observational studies have shown that short-term risk is about twice that of other antibiotics).

Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea.

Myasthenia gravis worsens.

10、 Contraindications

1. Individuals known to be allergic to azithromycin, erythromycin, any macrolide or ketolactone drugs.

2. Individuals with a history of azithromycin related cholestatic jaundice/liver dysfunction.

11、 Drug interactions

1. Nifinavir: may increase the blood concentration of azithromycin, requiring monitoring of liver function abnormalities and hearing impairment.

2. Warfarin: may increase anticoagulant effect, prothrombin time needs to be monitored.

3. Other potential interactions: caution should be exercised when using digoxin, colchicine, and phenytoin in combination (although there is no clinical research data, there have been reported interactions with other macrolide drugs).

12、 Storage method

Tablets: Store at 15-30 ° C (59-86 ° F).

13、 Manufacturer

Pfizer Inc., original research authorization from Pliva.

Azithromycininformation