Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic, and its usage and dosage need to be adjusted according to the type of infection and patient condition. Special attention should be paid to dosage adjustment and safety monitoring when using it in special populations. There are differences in the medication regimen of this drug among adults, children, and patients with liver and kidney dysfunction, and the use during pregnancy and lactation needs to be balanced between the advantages and disadvantages.

Usage and dosage of Azithromycin

(1) Adult standard dosage

Community acquired pneumonia: Take 500mg orally on the first day, then 250mg daily for 5 consecutive days. Or 500mg daily for 3 consecutive days. Sexually transmitted diseases: 1g orally per dose. Skin and soft tissue infections: 500mg on the first day, 250mg daily thereafter, for 5 consecutive days.

(2) Child dose

Children over 6 months old: 10mg/kg on the first day, then 5mg/kg daily for 5 consecutive days. Or 10mg/kg daily for 3 consecutive days. The maximum single dose should not exceed 500mg, and the daily dose should not exceed 1000mg.

2. Special population use of azithromycin

(1) Pregnant women

Azithromycin has a risk level of B when used during pregnancy. Animal studies have not shown teratogenicity, but there is a lack of sufficient human pregnancy data. Only use when potential benefits outweigh risks, it is recommended to consult a doctor to evaluate the pros and cons.

(2) Lactating women

Azithromycin can be secreted into breast milk at a concentration of approximately 50% of the maternal blood drug concentration. Caution should be exercised when using during lactation, and it is recommended to suspend breastfeeding or choose alternative medications during the medication period.

(3) Patients with liver dysfunction

Mild to moderate liver function impairment does not require dose adjustment. Patients with severe liver dysfunction should use with caution. It is recommended to monitor liver function indicators and reduce usage if necessary.

(4) Patients with renal insufficiency

If the creatinine clearance rate is greater than 10mL/min, there is no need to adjust the dosage. Patients with end-stage renal disease (GFR<10mL/min) should use with caution and may need to reduce dosage.

(5) Elderly patients

Elderly patients do not require routine dose adjustments, but due to the possibility of liver and kidney dysfunction, it is recommended to monitor adverse reactions and adjust medication plans if necessary.

(6) Pediatric patients

The safety and efficacy of infants under 6 months old have not been established yet. Children over 6 months old should calculate their dosage based on their weight, and pay attention to accurate measurement of weight and dosage conversion.